Refrigerated Warehouse buildings in NYC: energy benchmarks and Local Law 97 exposure
40 Refrigerated Warehouse buildings of 25,000 sf or more filed for 2024 citywide. Median ENERGY STAR score 55.0, site EUI 61.5 kBtu/sf, GHG intensity 5.4 kgCO2e/sf (quartiles 3.0-9.1), median size 53,658 sf, median year built 1,960. On filed emissions, 21.6% of the 37 with an emissions figure are over their 2024-2029 limit and 81.1% over the 2030-2034 limit.
Source: NYC Open Data, LL84 Building Energy and Water Data Disclosure (public domain), 2024 LL84 filings, buildings of 25,000 sf or more, one row per tax lot. Property type, floor area and emissions are self-reported by the filer; medians over buildings reporting the field. Limits: emissions factors in 1 RCNY 103-14; penalty rate USD 268 per tCO2e from the LL97 page. Data as of 2026-11-03.
Medians here (bar) vs all 24,899 NYC buildings in the set (mark):
Local Law 97 limits for this type
| Period | Factor (tCO2e/sf) | Buildings over the limit | Share | Median arithmetic exposure, those over | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-2029 | 0.00987 | 8 of 37 | 21.6% | $26,585/yr | $305,594/yr |
| 2030-2034 | 0.00285213 | 30 of 37 | 81.1% | $56,680/yr | $2,029,085/yr |
"Over the limit" = filed total location-based emissions above GFA x factor for the self-reported type; exposure = excess tCO2e x USD 268. Arithmetic on 2024 filings, not a prediction of what any owner pays: adjustments, Article 321, mixed-use splits, RECs and offsets are not modelled.
Paid report
USD 39 one-time: a Refrigerated Warehouse building vs the 10 nearest-size peers of the same type (borough first, citywide when the borough has fewer than 10), percentiles in the full pool, 2022-2024 trend, both LL97 limits and the arithmetic exposure. Checkout opens shortly; the free lookup and pages work meanwhile.